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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma, a form of cancer caused by asbestos exposure, is a naturally occurring type of cancer. The disease typically develops years after exposure. The treatment for mesothelioma is chemotherapy radiation, surgery and chemotherapy. Treatment can help patients live longer. There are three types. The stage and type of cells that compose the tumor affect the prognosis. What is Mesothelioma? The mesothelioma that is cancerous forms in the mesothelium (a thin layer of tissue that lines organs inside). It is caused by exposure to asbestos which is a class of fibrous minerals. Exposure to asbestos usually occurs when people inhale or swallow asbestos fibers. These asbestos particles stick to the lining of organs and irritate them, leading to tumors. The diagnosis of mesothelioma can be determined by doctors after they examine the tumors and collect a tissue sample, also called a biopsy. Mesothelioma is classified according to the kind of cells are located in the tumors. The three mesothelioma types are epithelial (also called sarcomatoid), biphasic and sarcomatoid. Epithelial mesothelioma, the most common form which accounts for approximately 50 percent of all diagnoses. hawaii mesothelioma lawsuit is the cause of 10 percent of cases, and has a poorer prognosis than epithelial mesothelioma. Biphasic is a mesothelioma that is composed of both epithelial and sarcomatoid cells and accounts for 30% to 40 percent of all diagnoses. Mesothelioma symptoms can include breathing problems and chest pain as well as pain in the abdomen. These symptoms are similar to those experienced by other illnesses, which is why it is important to see a doctor if you have these symptoms. Treatment for mesothelioma may reduce symptoms, slow tumor growth and allow patients to live longer. Treatment options include radiation therapy, chemotherapy and surgery. Patients can also receive palliative treatment, which helps to manage discomfort and pain. Doctors continue to study ways to treat mesothelioma, and how it expands. Immunotherapy is a novel treatment that relies on your own immune system to fight cancer. This experimental treatment has proven effective in a number of mesothelioma cases. Patients may also participate in clinical trials, which are research studies of new treatments. Mesothelioma patients are typically treated in specialist cancer centers where they have the opportunity to find doctors with expertise in treating the condition. Diagnosis The first step to receive treatment to prolong your life is a mesothelioma diagnose. Your doctor will analyze your symptoms and medical history to determine the type of mesothelioma that you are suffering from. This information is crucial since the three main mesothelioma cancer cells respond differently to treatment. Your doctor may recommend a chest X ray or CT scan as the initial test. During the procedure, you lie on tables while the Xray or CT machine takes a clear picture of your chest and the organs surrounding it. A small injection of a dye, typically iodine, is typically administered prior to the procedure. This makes the tissues in your abdomen or chest lighter and makes it easier to observe. You may also be asked to take a breathing test during this time. If these tests reveal an indication of a cancerous tumor mass the doctor will most likely order a biopsy. A biopsy is the removal an area of tissue from the mass or tumor by surgical removal or by inserting an needle into the area. The specimen is then examined under a microscope for mesothelioma. Our specialists can use ultrasound to identify lymph nodes that are enlarged, which could be mesothelioma. This procedure is known as endobronchial ultrasound-guided needle aspiration, or EBNA. This procedure is carried out as an outpatient procedure, meaning you can return home on the same day. A specialist in mesothelioma must also know the stage of the disease. The stages are determined by the extent the cancer has spread and the type of mesothelioma it is. Finding a reliable diagnosis from a mesothelioma specialist is the best way to ensure that you receive the right treatment. Treatment A patient's mesothelioma treatment plan depends on how far the disease has advanced and their overall health. Patients with mesothelioma generally receive multimodal treatment, which includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. The first step to treat mesothelioma is getting a physical examination and telling the doctor about any prior exposure to asbestos. Doctors may also request blood tests or imaging scans to determine if mesothelioma is present and rule out any other ailments. These include CT (computerized Tomography) scans, MRI (magnetic-resonance imaging) scans FDG-PET scans (fluorodeoxyglucose positron emissions tomography), and mediastinoscopy. Most pleural cases of mesothelioma can be treated surgically. A patient can undergo a minimally-invasive procedure known as video-assisted needle biopsy, or CT-guided thoracoscopic surgical. Both surgeries can help reduce symptoms and increase a patient's life expectancy. Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells and stop their growth. It is standard mesothelioma treatment and can extend the duration of survival. It is administered through intravenous drip (IV) or pill form. Radiation therapy is a mesothelioma treatment which can shrink tumors and kill cancer cells. It can be used to treat pleural cancers at various stages, and also to relieve pain and prolong the life span of patients. In the final stages of mesothelioma patients, doctors typically concentrate on controlling symptoms and extending the life of a patient for as long as is possible. Palliative treatment is the name of this kind of treatment. Despite the low rate of survival of mesothelioma cancer, there are still many survivors. For instance paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould, who was diagnosed with mesothelioma of the peritoneal region in 1982, lived for an additional 20 years before dying from complications from another illness. Symptoms Mesothelioma is a cancer that can manifest symptoms for months or even years before an official diagnosis is made. The initial symptoms are similar to those triggered by other conditions and it's easy to overlook or misinterpret them for minor illnesses. If you experience any of these symptoms it is important that you see your doctor immediately. The organs of your body are covered in a tissue layer called mesothelium. This layer keeps them from colliding. Mesothelioma affects the mesothelium cells that form the lining of a number of your organs. The lining that surrounds your lung is the most commonly location where mesothelioma develops. But, it can develop in the heart (pericardium) and abdomen (peritoneum), or the skin around your testicles (tunica vulginalis). The initial signs of mesothelioma are often breathlessness as well as chest pain and fatigue. Mesothelioma can also cause the accumulation of fluid in the lungs and chest wall resulting in an edema called pleural. A pleural effusion can put pressure on the lungs, which can cause coughing and breathing difficulties. Doctors can diagnose mesothelioma by looking over an individual's medical history before doing an exam. They may order chest X-rays which may reveal abnormalities such as thickening of the lung lining or fluid buildup in the chest wall. They can also order an MRI, CT scan or PET scan to get an examination of your lung or other tissues of your body. They can also flush any fluid that has accumulated in the pleura or the peritoneum by using an ultrasound-guided needle aspiration procedure. A biopsy can reveal which mesothelioma type of cells are creating the tumor and the way they grow. This can help doctors decide on the best treatment options. The three mesothelioma treatment options are radiation, surgery and chemotherapy. The following is a list with preventions. Mesothelioma is not curable, but you can lower the risk by not consuming asbestos and staying away from those who suffer from it. Exposure to asbestos could cause lung cancer and other illnesses that affect the organ linings. There are many kinds of mesothelioma, and some are more serious than others. Certain types are more straightforward to treat than others. Asbestos is an assortment of minerals with microscopic fibers. It was used in industrial and construction equipment by companies who were not aware of the risks. Blue-collar workers and veterans were the most exposed to asbestos. Asbestos is now recognized to be a risk and you should not live in a home or work in an old factory that contains it. Consult your physician about regular screenings if there is an earlier history of asbestos exposure. X-rays and CT or MRI scans can reveal problems with your lungs and abdomen. A biopsy may also help identify the presence of a tumor in the chest's lining or stomach. Doctors can examine tissue samples from this area to determine if you're suffering from mesothelioma. There is a possibility that you have pleural mesothelioma which affects the lining of your lungs. Other kinds include peritoneal melanoma, testicular mesothelioma, or pericardial meso. After exposure to asbestos it may take many years before mesothelioma begins to develop. Even then, it can be difficult to identify. It is often mistakenly diagnosed with other diseases or conditions such as pneumonia, bronchitis, or cancer. This can prevent you from receiving the appropriate treatment. Researchers are working to improve diagnosis and developing tests that detect mesothelioma sooner. This could lead better treatments and a greater survival rate. The study involves using genetic testing to identify those most likely develop mesothelioma.